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The risk level for a potential powerful earthquake striking along the Nankai Trough has increased, but there is no reason to panic, the government says.

It recommends being prepared for the worst to protect yourself and your loved ones in this quake-prone nation ahead of the Obon holiday period.

The Japan Meteorological Agency on Aug. 8 issued the weeklong megaquake advisory for 29 prefectures along the Pacific coast.

Here’s what you need to know.

Q: What is the Nankai Trough Earthquake?

A: The Nankai Trough is an ocean-floor trench that runs along the Pacific coast from the Tokai to Kyushu regions. This area has a history of being struck by megaquakes at a rate of one every 100 to 200 years.

In the government’s worst-case scenario, the next Nankai Trough megaquake and ensuing tsunami could cause up to 323,000 casualties.

Q: What is the megaquake advisory, officially called the Nankai Trough Earthquake Extra Information?

A: When an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.8 or larger occurs within the estimated area for a Nankai Trough quake epicenter, a JMA panel of experts holds a meeting to assess whether it could trigger an even more powerful quake.

After the magnitude-7.1 quake hit off Miyazaki Prefecture on Aug. 8, the panel issued the megaquake advisory, the second highest of three alert levels.

The highest level is a megaquake warning. If the panel considers the risk of a megaquake to be low, it will announce that the assessment is finished.

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Q: Is it necessary to evacuate in advance?

A: If a megaquake warning is issued, those who may need extra time to flee are advised to do so. But the megaquake advisory issued this time does not require advance evacuation.

Q: Can we go about our lives as usual?

A: The Cabinet Office is calling on people to reaffirm their earthquake preparedness and be ready to evacuate immediately if an earthquake occurs. While staying alert, you can continue your daily lives as usual.

Q: What can we do to prepare for an earthquake in our daily lives?

A: Check hazard maps that show areas at risk for natural disasters to familiarize yourself with potential danger spots around your home, workplace or school.

It’s also important to reinforce your windows to prevent them from shattering, secure furniture and appliances, and ensure there are no air conditioners or other objects that could fall on your head while you sleep.

Additionally, check your evacuation route and review how to contact family members in the event of a disaster. In areas at a high risk of tsunami, it’s especially important to pre-plan where to evacuate, how to evacuate and how to communicate with your family.

Q: What can we do to prepare for an immediate evacuation?

A: It’s best to always prepare an emergency kit with water and medicine that you can easily carry. Even at night, keep the kit by your bed and wear clothes that will allow for quick evacuation.

Be sure that your cellphone is charged and bring a portable radio and spare batteries to stay informed. These are things that are especially important for the megaquake advisory.

Q: Is there anything else to be aware of?

A: Avoid unnecessary hoarding and be wary of false information.

In past disasters, people have stockpiled essentials, such as food, toilet paper and gasoline. Also, fake rescue requests were posted on social media, disrupting actual rescue efforts.

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